Transcending the mythology of “American exceptionalism,” the acclaimed historian Walter Hixson unveils a long history of war and imperialism, one that is deeply embedded in the American national DNA. From Columbus to the “forever wars” of the modern Middle East, Americans have sought imperial domination over other peoples, invariably deemed inferior, and have regularly chosen to go to war with them.
The consequences of the nation’s violent aggression have been severe yet not fully analyzed owing to the powerful boundaries erected by patriotic nationalism. Americans have viewed themselves as a “chosen people” and the United States as a “beacon and liberty,” the champion of the “free world,” but this self-serving discourse has served to enable continental and overseas imperialism and war.
Americans typically professed to go to war because they “had to” or to make the world “safe for democracy,” but only rarely were these scenarios in play. Rather, Americans usually chose to go to war, and US foreign policy rarely produced or even sought to produce democratic outcomes. Instead, the United States often engaged in violent repression of other peoples and bolstered dictatorial regimes, including those engaged in mass murder.
US war and imperialism frequently proved ineffectual, as they were often grounded in dramatic misperceptions. Foreign aggression also often sowed the seeds for “blowback” attacks and the continuation or renewal of conflict and warfare. Moreover–and rarely analyzed–continental and overseas aggression also undermined democracy, civil liberties, and progressive reform on the home front.
Rooted in decades of study and delivered in crystal clear and direct language, this book is must-reading for anyone wishing to go beyond the clichés that typically structure discussions of the history and contemporary prospects of American foreign relations. In a bold conclusion Hixson outlines the desperate need for adoption of a new paradigm of “cooperative internationalism” to transcend the nation’s penchant for war and imperialism fueled by national self-worship.
Review
“With the country lamenting its ‘forever wars,’ it is salutary for all to be reminded that for the victims they’ve been ‘forever’ for half a millennium. Reminded, and deeply informed, as they will be from this expert and judicious study of imperial history.”
Noam Chomsky
“Admirably concise, briskly written, pulling no punches: Imperialism and War lays bare the pernicious relationship between American Exceptionalism and the American penchant for empire. Walter Hixson has written a compelling and essential book.”
Andrew Bacevich, author of After the Apocalypse: America’s Role in a World Transformed
“Based on a solid body of historical work, diplomatic historian Walter Hixson eloquently and persuasively argues that the US foreign policy of imperialism and war is making the future of humanity impossible. Forged in unending wars of continental conquest and overseas domination, the United States continues on the path of destruction and self-destruction. Hixson presents a vision of cooperative internationalism as the only alternative. This riveting book is a call to action.”
Roxanne Dunbar-Ortiz, author of Not “A Nation of Immigrants,” Settler-Colonialism, White Supremacy, and a History of Erasure and Exclusion
“Imperialism and War is a provocative but necessary overview of the violence at the heart of centuries of American empire-building. Written by one of our most distinguished historians, it is essential reading for anyone wishing to understand why the twenty-first-century United States is constantly at war.”
Scott Laderman, Professor of History University of Minnesota, Duluth.
About the Author
Walter L. Hixson since 2019 serves as columnist and contributing editor at the Washington Report on Middle East Affairs. His two recent books on the Israel lobby are Architects of Repression: How Israel and its Lobby Put Racism, Violence and Injustice at the Center of US Middle East Policy (Institute for Research, 2021) and Israel’s Armor: The Israel Lobby and the First Generation of the Palestine Conflict. (Cambridge University Press, 2019) He is the author of several books focused on the history of US foreign relations, including American Foreign Relations: A New Diplomatic History (Routledge, 2015), American Settler Colonialism: A History (2013, Palgrave-Macmillan), The Myth of American Diplomacy: National Identity and U.S. Foreign Policy (Yale University Press, 2008). More at WalterHixson.com.